Kaliabe Flare Ledger

Data sources & licences

Every figure in the ledger traces to a cited, license-clean open dataset. Nothing is scraped from proprietary services; nothing is fabricated. Live per-night VIIRS Nightfire ingest is a stub pending an EOG account.

Primary datasets

DatasetContentsLicenceAccess
NOAA VIIRS Nightfire (VNF) Nighttime flare heat signatures — location, temperature, radiance, timing. Open (NASA/NOAA); EOG Colorado School of Mines. eogdata.mines.edu / products/vnf
World Bank Global Gas Flaring Tracker, June 2026 Emissions ratios: 167 bcm (2025) ≈ 429 MtCO₂e incl. 50 MtCO₂e unburned methane (1.8 Mt CH₄). Free with attribution. worldbank.org gas flaring data page
World Bank GFMR — Individual Flare Sites Per-site, per-year flare volumes (2012–2025), operator & field attribution. Vintage: the June 2026 release (Global Gas Flaring Tracker, 23 June 2026), on the new three-satellite methodology (Suomi NPP, NOAA-20, NOAA-21; revised calibration; series restated back to 2012). Free with attribution. worldbank.org gas flaring data page
Flare Gas (Prevention of Waste and Pollution) Regulations, 2018
S.I. No. 9 of 2018 · Official Gazette No. 88, Vol. 105, 9 July 2018		 Penalty basis, Reg. 13: US$2.00 per 1,000 scf (28.317 m³) where ≥10,000 bbl oil/day is produced; US$0.50 where less. Both tiers are shown because we do not hold production rates. Public government gazette. ngfcp.nuprc.gov.ng (scanned PDF)
GRID3 NGA Population v3.0 KFL-M 1.3 Bayesian-modelled gridded population, 100 m cells, scaled to UN-WPP 2025 (national total 237.5 m). Summed within 5 / 10 / 25 / 50 km of every site. The raster is processed offline; only the 476-row result ships. CC BY 4.0 wopr.worldpop.org/download/611
GRID3 NGA Settlement Points (2021) Named settlement points (eHealth Africa, Proxy Logics, ORNL): nearest settlement and largest centre within 25 km. CC BY 4.0 GRID3 ArcGIS feature service
Electricity access — World Bank WDI (Tracking SDG7) and Nigeria DHS 2023-24 National access 62.5% (urban 85.5%, rural 23.5%; WDI 2024). State population-with-electricity from NDHS 2024; the state rural proxy is derived (state rate × national rural/total ratio) because no rural-by-state figure is published. CC BY 4.0 (WDI); DHS Program terms, cite NPC/ICF api.worldbank.org · api.dhsprogram.com
NASA FIRMS — VIIRS 375 m active fire NRT Hot-pixel detections (bright_ti4 K, FRP MW) from Suomi NPP, NOAA-20 and NOAA-21, pulled daily for the live thermal check and the last-24h layer. NASA open data (acknowledgement requested) firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov (regional CSV, no key)
ACLED — Nigeria conflict events Monthly political-violence, civilian-targeting and demonstration events (and fatalities) by LGA, via HDX. Point events need a myACLED account and are not yet ingested. ACLED Terms of Use & Attribution Policy (non-commercial monitoring) data.humdata.org/dataset/nigeria-acled-conflict-data

Map overlay layers

LayerSourceLicenceFile
Nigeria states (37)geoBoundaries gbOpen NGA ADM1 (GRID3)CC BY 4.0nga-states.geojson
Local Government Areas (774)geoBoundaries gbOpen NGA ADM2 (GRID3)CC BY 4.0nga-lgas.geojson
Oil & gas pipelines (154)USGS Africa oil & gas infrastructure; attributes from Cross-border Information (London) Ltd. / African Energy Live DataPublic domain (USGS)nga-pipelines.geojson
Live thermal (last 24h)NASA FIRMS / LANCE VIIRS 375 m NRT, Nigeria bbox, refreshed daily by a GitHub ActionNASA open data/api/live
Security: ACLED events by LGA (LGAs within 50 km of a site)ACLED via HDX, joined by P-code to OCHA COD-AB admin-2 boundariesACLED terms; COD-AB CC BY-IGOsecurity-lga.geojson

Coordinates are rounded to 5 decimal places (~1 m) for the web; geometry is otherwise unchanged. State, LGA and nearest-pipeline context for each flare is computed in the browser (point-in-polygon and nearest line segment). The Niger Delta flag uses the same ADM1 layer: the union of the nine Niger Delta states, by point-in-polygon. Offshore sites beyond the state boundary are labelled separately (see methodology §8).

Source registry

Every source is checked by scripts/validate_sources.py. It records whether the source is reachable, its version or vintage, a SHA-256 checksum of the fetched bytes and its licence, and writes docs/DATA-SOURCES-REGISTRY.md. It exits non-zero if any source is unreachable, so a stale source shows up instead of failing silently.

Seed data

The current snapshot is derived from the World Bank GFMR individual-flare-site dataset (Nigeria subset), committed to this repository as data/gfmr_nigeria_sites_seed.json (476 unique sites, 2012–2025). The live digest (one row per site-year; volumes in million m³, with bcm and MMscfd) downloads from /api/digest.csv; a static snapshot built from the committed seed is at kaliabe-flare-digest.csv.

Live ingestion

Live thermal (KFL-M 1.3). A GitHub Action (.github/workflows/live-thermal.yml) pulls the NASA FIRMS VIIRS 375 m regional files every day, matches detections to ledger sites within 1 km, and commits a rolling 30-night summary that the API reads. The archive verdicts still come from GFMR annual volumes; the live check adds “is it burning now?”. Raw per-night VIIRS Nightfire (VNF) files at eogdata.mines.edu need an EOG login and are not fetched.

Security. ACLED point events need a myACLED account. Until that exists, the security block uses ACLED's public LGA-level monthly aggregates; per-site radius counts are marked pending.

Sources

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